Gastric Cancer

Gastric cancer, also known as stomach cancer, originates in the stomach lining and can spread to other parts of the body. It is often diagnosed at a later stage due to its nonspecific early symptoms, making early detection challenging.

Symptoms

The symptoms of gastric cancer can vary and are often mistaken for other, less severe conditions, such as gastritis or peptic ulcer disease. Common symptoms include:

1. Early Symptoms:

• Indigestion and Heartburn
• Bloating
• Nausea and Vomiting

2. Progressive Symptoms:

• Unexplained Weight Loss
• Difficulty Swallowing (Dysphagia)
• Loss of Appetite
• Fatigue and Weakness
• Vomiting Blood or Passing Black Stools
• Abdominal Pain

3. Advanced Symptoms:

• Ascites (Accumulation of fluid in the abdomen, causing swelling)
• Jaundice

Jaundice

Diagnosing gastric cancer involves several tests and procedures to confirm the presence of cancer and determine its stage:

1. Endoscopy:

• Upper GI Endoscopy

2. Imaging Tests:

• CECT Scan
• PET CT Scan

3. Biopsy

4. Diagnostic Laparoscopy

5. Blood Tests

Prevention and Early Detection

1. Screening: In regions with a high incidence of gastric cancer (such as Japan and Korea), regular screening through endoscopy is recommended. In other areas, screening is usually recommended for individuals with high risk factors.

2. Lifestyle Changes:

• Diet: A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, low in processed and smoked foods can reduce the risk & avoiding high salt diet.
• Smoking Cessation
• Managing Helicobacter pylori Infection

3. Genetic Testing and Surveillance